Chronology: Major Events in Sudan's 19-year Civil War

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Last updated at: (Beijing Time) Tuesday, August 13, 2002

Chronology: Major Events in Sudan's 19-year Civil War

The Sudanese government and rebels held peace talks in Kenya Monday to end the 19-year civil war in Africa's largest country.

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The Sudanese government and rebels held peace talks in Kenya Monday to end the 19-year civil war in Africa's largest country.

The following is a chronology of major events in the Sudan since the civil conflict broke out in 1983.

1983: The Arab-dominated government adopted Islamic sharia law,angering the Christian south. Rebels began to organize the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) led by John Garang.

1986: Sadiq al-Mahdi became prime minister of the Sudan and leda coalition government for three years.

1989

June 30: Lieutenant-General Omar Hassan al-Bashir seized power in a coup and dissolved the parliament.

1991

June 14: The SPLA agreed to mediatory recommendation proposed by the Organization of African Unity.

1992

Jan. 1: Bashir announced to establish a transitional national commission to prepare legislative elections.

Feb. 24: The transitional parliament was set up.

July 12: The government forces seized the SPLA headquarters at Torit.

1993

Feb. 22-23: The government officials and the rebels held the first talks in Uganda.

April 26: Peace talks resumed in Abuja, the capital of Nigeria.

Oct. 16: Bashir declared to be president and the cabinet resigned collectively on the following day. Bashir named new ministers on Oct. 30.

Oct. 31: The Sudanese army called off 5-year curfew in Khartoum.

1994

Oct. 29: Bashir announced the attacks against the rebels to cuttheir connection with Uganda and the former Zaire.

1995

June 25: The rebels held meeting in Eritrea to claim the right of self-determination for the south and propose to abolish Islamicsharia law and establish an exile government.

Aug. 12: The cabinet was reshuffled and the minister was dismissed for the relation with an assassination attempt on Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in June.

1996

March 6: The presidential elections began and Bashir won 75.7 percent of votes.

April 26: The UN Security Council passed a resolution to imposesanctions against the Sudan for its sponsoring terrorism.

May 27: Bashir called for a national reconciliation and peace talks with rebels.

1997

April 21: The government signed a peace accord in Khartoum withthe South Sudan Independence Movement and three other rebel groupswithout the participation of the SPLA.

Oct. 29: The government and the SPLA began peace talks in Nairobi, Kenya after some military losses.

Nov. 4: The US government imposed economic sanctions against the Sudan.

1998

May 6: The government and the SPLA reached an agreement after three-day talks in Nairobi to vote on self-determination for the south.

Aug. 20: The US fighters raid a pharmacy factory near Khartoum and wounded at least 10 people.

1999

Aug. 2: The rebels announced in Tripoli, Libya that they agreedto hold direct talks with the government and stop civil war.

Dec. 12: Bashir declared a nation-wide state of emergency and dissolved the parliament with the removal of Speaker Hassan al-Turabi.

2000

Feb. 21: The government officials and the rebels including the SPLA resumed peace talks in Nairobi, Kenya. However no agreement was reached during six-day talks. The SPLA statement said two sides failed to agree on the issues of self-determination and the relationship between the religion and state.

March 12: The government declared the extension of the state ofemergency till the end of the year.

Oct. 16: A three-day preparatory meeting for national reconciliation was held in Khartoum to propose peace talks and a united country.

2001

Jan. 3: Bashir declared the extension of the state of emergencyin the country for 12 months.

Feb. 12: Bashir was sworn in for another five-year term as president.

July 4: The government accepted a peace proposal initiated by Libya and Egypt.

Sept. 28: The UN Security Council resolved to lift sanctions against the Sudan. But US economic sanctions remained in force.

2002

Jan. 19: The government and the rebels signed a ceasefire agreement in Switzerland.

June 16: The government extended the limited ceasefire with therebels for six months.

July 20: The government and the rebels agreed on key issues of self-determination and the separation of the religion and state and a framework for future talks to end the 19-year civil war.

July 27: Bashir met SPLA chief Garang for the first time and held peace talks with him in Kampala, the capital of Uganda.

Aug. 12: The government officials and the rebels met again in Machakos, Kenya for talks hopefully to end the civil war that killed 2 million people in the past 19 years.

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