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Enlarge the employment, improve the social security system, and Make the best use of talent resources (2) |
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12:45, September 15, 2009 |
In the past 60 years social security coverage continued to expand. By the end of 2008, 318 million urban residents had participated in the basic old-age pension program, and 318 million people had been covered by the basic medical insurance system adopted in urban and town areas. In addition, a total of 815 million farmers joined the new cooperative medical care system, and over 10 million farmers, whose land was requisitioned, were included in the basic social security system, and 66 million people enjoyed the minimum subsistence allowances.
Also, the social security level steadily improved. Our nation has increased the basic pension for those enterprise retirees during the past 5 consecutive years, with the monthly pension increased from 544 yuan per month in 2000 to 1200 yuan per month in 2009. After two adjustments of money collection from 30 yuan to 100 yuan each person, the new cooperative medical care system enabled those insured to enjoy a refund rate of 38% for major diseases, up from 20% in the beginning. The state also improved the standards of basic living, unemployment and work safety in order to effectively ensure basic guarantees for the general population, especially those in the low-earning group.
The framework of our social security system has been initially formed. After years of exploration and practice, a social security system has basically been set up, consisting mainly of social insurance, as well as social relief, social welfare, social mutual help and special care for disabled ex-servicemen and family members of revolutionary martyrs. The whole system has operated steadily in general. Old-age pension, health care, unemployment, safety and reproduction have been widely implemented in urban and town areas, which helped realize the change of social security system from reliance on enterprises to a unified social force.
The socialized management service system has also been set up and the pension of retirees from city and township enterprises is now delivered by banks. Health care insurance, unemployment insurance, working safety insurance and reproduction insurance have changed their method of refund, from being refunded by enterprises to being directly refunded by social security and related service agencies or through banks. 73% of enterprise retirees are brought under management by their communities where they live. "The founding and perfecting of the social security system has remarkably changed people's life and played the role of "bumper" for economic performance, "security net" for social stability and "adjuster" of income distribution," Yin commented.
Build a team of talented people; make the "first resource" ooze infinite vigor
Looking back to the reform and development of talent in the past 60 years, Minister Yin mentioned four key points.
The first one is in the early days of the establishment of the People's Republic of China when full-scale reconstruction was under way. The CPC Central Committee arranged proper jobs and positions for the 2 million intellectuals that came from the old pre 1949 society. Many overseas Chinese students returned to join our national construction. From the early days of New China to 1957, there were 2,500 oversea students that returned to China. Among the 23 "two bombs plus one satellite" meritorious scientists, there were 21 who returned to China in those early days of liberation. The atomic bomb was tested in 1964 and the hydrogen bomb in 1967, and the "long march 1" rocket was successfully launched in 1970. Behind these well-known scientific research projects were a large number of professional and technical personnel.
The second one is the opening of the National Scientific Conference in 1978. Vast number of intellectuals ushered in the "Science in the Spring". The concept of "respecting knowledge and talented people" was gradually embedded into the people's hearts. Minister Yin began his work at that time, "I still remembered that the people's literature press published Goldbach's Conjecture and Chen Jinrun's deeds became the envy of young people, stimulating people's desire for knowledge." Under the principle of 'Emancipating the Mind and Breaking the Constraints, our personnel worked and developed alongside the country's reform and opening-up drive.
Third, the First National Talent and Technology Exchange Conference held in Beijing in 1993. Against the backdrop of a socialist market economy, people began to realize that human resources were an important factor of production. Human resource has since entered into a new stage, marked by a close interaction with economic and social development and steady improvement.
The fourth key point is at the first National Talent Work Conference, which was opened in December 2003. This conference was deployed to implement the strategy of reinvigorating China through human resource development. The rapid development of various types of qualified personnel provides a strong talent and intellectual foundation for sound and fast economic and social development.
Over the past 60 years, our work force keeps growing. The total number of various types of qualified personnel reached 140 million by the end of 2007, including 6.25 million people in Party and government offices, 22.32 million people in corporate business management, 45.2 million professional and technical personnel, 59.86 million skilled personnel and 7.93 million practical talents in rural areas. At the same time, we cultivated a number of innovative personnel like Yuan Longping, highly-skilled personnel like Xu Zhenchao. A number of national key projects such as the Three Gorges Dams Project, the South-to-North Water Diversion, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and the West-to–East Gas Transfer have witnessed the infinite vigor of talent as "The first resource" in our economic and social construction field.
"Elites help build up the nation and help politics thrive and achieve great social development causes. Talent is the key issue which affected the development of our communist party and country." Yin Weimin has deep feelings in this regard, because he has engaged himself in China's talent work for many years. He said China will put human resources as the primary resource and the first element of the Concept of Scientific Development both at present and in the future. We have to constantly create talent, to make people realize their talent and make good use of it. Only by doing that, can we change our nation from a populous country to a powerhouse of human resources as early as possible.
By People's Daily Online
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