Chen Duxiu (1879-1942), a native of Huaining County (now part of Anqing), Anhui Province, was one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party and its principal leader during the first six years. In the first half of 1927, under his influence the Party made Right capitulationist mistakes, gave up the leadership of the peasant masses, of the urban petty bourgeoisie and middle bourgeoisie, and, most important, of the armed forces. He wanted the CPC to ally itself with the Kuomintang without at the same time struggling against it, to compromise with the KMT Right-wingers and to capitulate to them when they plotted against the Communists and the people. As a result, when Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei, representatives of the big landlord class and the big bourgeoisie, betrayed the revolution and sprang a surprise attack, the CPC and the people were unable to organize effective resistance. This brought about the failure of the First Revolutionary Civil War (the Great Revolution). On August 7, 1927, the CPC Central Committee convened an emergency meeting in Hankou, Hubei Province, at which it analysed the lessons to be learned from this failure and ended the domination of Chen Duxiu's Right capitulationsim in the Central Committee.